Photosynthesis
Campbell Chapter 10

1. Distinguish between autotrophs, heterotrophs, photoautotrophs, and chemoautotrophs.

2. Describe the structure of the chloroplast, including the arrangement of the antenna on the thylakoid membrane.

3. For the reactants and products in photosynthesis, identify the steps in which is each is used or produced.

4. Briefly describe the two stages of photosynthesis.

5. Describe Englemann's discovery concerning which wavelengths of light produce the most O₂ during photosynthesis. Relate his discovery to the absorption spectra of chloroplast pigments.

6. Draw a graph which shows the relative frequencies of light which are absorbed by the photosystems.

7. Prepare a simplified drawing which models photosystems I and II and includes their positions on the thylakoids and their relation to the electron transporting molecules.

8. Summarize the mechanism in Photosystem II whereby light energy is converted to chemical energy.

9. Describe the path which an electron takes from PS II to NADP+

10. Explain how ATP is generated in the thylakoid.

11. What is the actual carbohydrate produced by the Calvin Cycle? Where have you seen this molecule before?

12. Where do the Calvin cycle reactions take place?

13. Name the enzyme that fixes CO₂ in the Calvin cycle.

14. How does the use of ATP and NADPH by the Calvin cycle demonstrate the reverse of cellular respiration?

15. Describe cyclic electron flow and explain its purpose.

16. What is meant by photorespiration?

17. How is the leaf structure of a C4 plant adapted to cope with the problem of photorespiration?

18. How do C4 plants fix CO₂? CAM plants?